Building construction: Identifying basic components

Building construction is at a high as the economy increases and more folks need resources such as homes, stores and other conveniences. 

Knowing the basics of a building structure is a great way to appreciate some of the technologies we use in our everyday lives and have a more profound understanding of structural fundamentals keeping us safe. 

What are the main components of a building?

Even though many of the structures we use on a daily basis such as grocery stores, shopping centers, and other buildings are simplistic at first glance, there are many components making these designs safe and functional for everyday use. The main basic components of a building include but are not limited to: 

• Roof 
• Beams
• Columns 
• Parapet
• Lintels
• Damp proof course (DPC)
• Stairs
• Walls
• Floor
• Plinth
• Foundation
• Plinth beam 

How are structural members classified?

Structural members are components of a building used to strengthen and stabilize for optimal safety. These particular building components include: 

• Beams
• Frames
• Columns
• Tension structures 
• Etc. 

What is the function of structural members?

Structural members of a building include all the systems that act as the “bones” and help to strengthen a structure. For example, slabs are used to create flat surfaces used to carry the load of other structures, such as roof slab or flooring and may be reinforced with concrete beams or walls. 

Footing is another vital component which acts as a tool to transmit the weight and loads from building columns to the soil. 

Everything from the ground floor to the top of the roof serves a vital function, and with the aforementioned basics, you get a better picture of the components making up your home.